Modeler Course free of cost 6 month
Job Role |
Modeller |
Role Description |
Create computer generated models for animation |
NSQF level |
4 |
Minimum Educational Qualifications Maximum Educational Qualifications |
Class X NA |
Prerequisite License or Training |
3D software such as Maya, 3D Studio Max etc. |
Minimum Job Entry Age |
18 years |
Experience |
0-1 years Trainee Modeller/ Junior Modeller 1+ years Modeller |
Applicable National Occupational Standards (NOS) |
|
Performance Criteria |
As described in the relevant OS units |
Keywords /Terms | Description |
Budget | Budget is an estimate of the total cost of production that may include a break-up of cost components |
Composition | Composition is the positioning of the character with respect to the background and camera |
Clean-up | Refining the interim/rough animation |
Creative Brief | Creative brief is a document that captures the key questions that serve as a guide for the production including the vision, objective of the project, target audience, timelines, budgets, milestones, stakeholders etc. |
Key Frame | Key Frames are the key poses, usually the start and end poses for a particular animation sequence |
Modelling | Modelling is the process of creating three-dimensional models for animation using a specialised software application. |
Rendering | Rendering is the process of converting three-dimensional models into two- dimensional images with 3D effects |
Rigging | Rigging is the process of adding joints to a static three-dimensional model to aid movement during posing |
Timelines | Timelines is a listing of dates by which the production milestones/stages need to be completed |
Sector | Sector is a conglomeration of different business operations having similar businesses and interests. It may also be defined as a distinct subset of the economy whose components share similar characteristics and interests. |
Sub-sector | Sub-sector is derived from a further breakdown based on the characteristics and interests of its components. |
Vertical | Vertical may exist within a sub-sector representing different domain areas or the client industries served by the industry. |
Occupation | Occupation is a set of job roles, which perform similar/related set of functions in an industry |
Function | Function is an activity necessary for achieving the key purpose of the sector, occupation, or area of work, which can be carried out by a person or a group of persons. Functions are identified through functional analysis and form the basis of OS. |
Sub-functions | Sub-functions are sub-activities essential to fulfill the achieving the objectives of the function. |
Job role | Job role defines a unique set of functions that together form a unique employment opportunity in an organization. |
Occupational Standards (OS) | OS specify the standards of performance an individual must achieve when carrying out a function in the workplace, together with the knowledge and understanding they need to meet that standard consistently. Occupational Standards are applicable both in the Indian and global contexts. |
Performance Criteria | Performance Criteria are statements that together specify the standard of performance required when carrying out a task |
National Occupational Standards (NOS) | NOS are Occupational Standards which apply uniquely in the Indian context. |
Qualifications Pack Code | Qualifications Pack Code is a unique reference code that identifies a qualifications pack. |
Modeler Course free of cost 6 month
Unit Code | MES/N2501 | |
Unit Title (Task) | Interpret the script/ brief/ storyboard | |
Description | This OS unit is about interpreting the script/ brief/ storyboard for the animation process | |
Scope | This unit/task covers the following: Interpret the script/ brief/ storyboard correctly | |
Performance Criteria (PC) w.r.t. the Scope | Pe | |
Element | Performance Criteria | |
Interpretation of script/ brief/ storyboard | To be competent, the user/individual on the job must be able to: PC1. understand the script, brief and storyboard from the art director and character designers PC2. understand the design brief in context of his/her job (appearance, complexion, dressing, moods, personalities, expressions etc.) PC3. understand the requirements (number, types, duplicates etc.) PC4. understand the specifications (dimensions, operating parameters etc.) PC5. understand the technical needs of the project relevant to his/ her job role (television, film, gaming, internet, dvd etc.) PC6. be aware and responsible of his/her role in the pre-production, production and post-production process | |
Knowledge and Understanding (K) | ||
A. Organizational Context (Knowledge of the company / organization and its processes) | The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand: KA1. the creative vision and elements of production relevant to his/her job role KA2. the project pipeline/schedule and timelines relevant to their work KA3. the intended purpose/ end-use of the models that need to be created | |
B. Technical Knowledge | The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand: KB1. principles of animation KB2. human anatomy, skeleton structure, joints, facial muscles etc. KB3. human mannerisms, emotions, behavior, facial expressions etc. KB4. techniques and workflow KB5. drawing and illustration techniques KB6. how to prepare an output that is consistent with the creative look of the production and in accordance to the script and design brief KB7. the sources for research and reference material KB8. applicable copyright norms and intellectual property rights KB9. applicable health and safety guidelines | |
Skills (S) (Optional) | ||
A. Core Skills/ Generic Skills | Writing Skills | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA1. document notes while understanding the brief, requirements and specifications from the art director and character designers to refer to during the production process |
Reading Skills | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA2. read and understand the design brief and character pack SA3. research links, videos, artwork etc. that can be used as references | |
Oral Communication (Listening and Speaking skills) | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA4. Understand the design brief and requirements from the Art Director and character designers | |
B. Professional Skills | Plan and Organize |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB1. breakup the tasks required and estimate the time required for each task, so as to manage own work in assigned time schedule | |
Problem Solving | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB2. identify any creative problems that may arise during the production and work back with the art director and character designers to find suitable solutions to address them SB3. handle technical issues such as pipeline concerns, optimizing efficiency of assets and asset integration in collaboration with peers and under supervision of the art director | |
Decision making | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB4. make decisions related to the way the script will be represented visually | |
Analytical Thinking | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB5. have a keen eye for detail and maintain an aesthetic sense towards the final output | |
Critical Thinking | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB6. appraise the quality of the references gathered (storyboard/character turn around/pose sheet/facial expressions/etc) to ensure it is in line with the initial concept and quality standards | |
Customer Centricity | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB7. check that the references/interpretations meets customer requirements |
NOS Version Control
NOS Code | MES/N2501 | ||
Credits(NSQF) | TBD | Version number | 1.0 |
Sector | Media and Entertainment | Drafted on | 16/07/2018 |
Sub-sector | Animation, Gaming | Last reviewed on | 20/03/2019 |
Occupation | Asset Creation | Next review date | 22/06/2021 |
Unit Code | MES/N2502 |
Unit Title (Task) | Prepare computer generated models |
Description | This OS unit is about creating computer generated models for the animation process |
Scope | This unit/task covers the following: Preparation of computer generated 3D models, including characters machines, sets and props, game modeling, objects, locations/ background elements such as environment, architecture, landscapes, interiors and blend shapes |
Performance Criteria (PC) w.r.t. the Scope | |
Element | Performance Criteria |
Preparation of computer generated 3D models | To be competent, the user/individual on the job must be able to: PC1. prepare digital models according to the design brief, requirements, specifications and technical needs of the project specified by the art director/ character designers PC2. create prototypes/pilots for testing PC3. understand the final display medium and adapt / suggest the model for its polycounts, mesh complexity, movement capability etc. under supervision of the art director and character designers PC4. ensure that the models will be able to perform properly once animated, are uniform and consistent and are delivered in appropriate formats that can be used by others |
Knowledge and Understanding (K) | |
B. Organizational Context (Knowledge of the company / organization and its processes) | The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand: KA1. the creative vision and elements of production relevant to his/her job role KA2. the pipeline/schedule and timelines relevant to their work KA3. the intended purpose/ end-use of the models that need to be created |
B. Technical Knowledge | The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand: KB1. principles of 3d modeling and animation including concepts like polygons, nurbs, and sub surface modeling etc. KB2. human anatomy, skeleton structure, joints, facial muscles etc. KB3. human mannerisms, emotions, behavior, facial expressions etc. KB4. basics of rigging to help build models with the minimum necessary spline, nurbs and polygons KB5. techniques and workflow of uv mapping KB6. principles of engineering KB7. physics of motion, resistance and volume KB8. form, scale and proportion of various models KB9. the techniques of sculpting (added advantage) KB10. drawing and illustration techniques KB11. how to create various types of models (organic, non-organic, simple, complex) KB12. how to use modelling software and tools such as Maya, 3D Studio Max, Blender, Mud-Box, Zbrush, Mari etc. |
KB13. how to design and develop models consistent with the creative look of the production and in accordance to the script and design brief KB14. how to build models with the necessary detailing and as per the camera distance KB15. the sources for research and reference material KB16. how to design models to suit the final use. e.g. a model created for feature films is different from model created for television series and it is further different from model created for a game or e-learning module KB17. how to test models (through the basic phonemes test, basic expression test, simulation tests, grayscale turnarounds) to ensure that they meet the design specification and production requirements KB18. how to test characters, props and environments to ensure they appear correctly from all required camera positions and angles KB19. how to optimise mesh as per production requirements KB20. applicable copyright norms and intellectual property rights KB21. applicable health and safety guidelines | |
Skills (S) (Optional) | |
C. Core Skills/ Generic Skills | Writing Skills |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA1. document notes /draw illustrations to assist during the modelling process | |
Reading Skills | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA2. read and understand the design brief and character pack SA3. research links, videos, artwork etc. that can be used as references during the modelling process | |
Oral Communication (Listening and Speaking skills) | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA4. understand the design brief and requirements from the art director and character designers SA5. present the final character models to the Art Director and solicit feedback | |
D. Professional Skills | Plan and Organize |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB1. breakup the tasks required and estimate the time required for each task, so as to manage own work in assigned time schedule | |
Problem Solving | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB2. handle technical issues such as pipeline concerns, optimizing efficiency of assets and asset integration in collaboration with peers and under supervision of the art director | |
Analytical Thinking | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB3. have a keen eye for detail and maintain an aesthetic sense towards colour Shapes, forms and software capabilities of the final output | |
Critical Thinking | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB4. identify any creative problems that may arise during the production and work back with the art director and character designers to find suitable solutions to address them |
Decision making | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB5. manage creative decisions as per the client inputs while producing 3D models | |
Customer Centricity | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB6. manage deadlines and revert on corrections or rework as per the client inputs while producing 3D models |
Modeler Course free of cost 6 month
NOS Version Control
NOS Code | MES/N2502 | ||
Credits(NSQF) | TBD | Version number | 1.0 |
Sector | Media and Entertainment | Drafted on | 16/07/2018 |
Sub-sector | Animation, Gaming | Last reviewed on | 20/03/2019 |
Occupation | Asset Creation | Next review date | 22/06/2021 |
Unit Code | MES/N2503 |
Unit Title (Task) | Test computer generated models |
Description | This OS unit is about testing computer generated models to ensure that they conform to specifications and requirements |
Scope | This unit/task covers the following: Testing the models |
Performance Criteria (PC) w.r.t. the Scope | |
Element | Performance Criteria |
Testing the models | To be competent, the user/individual on the job must be able to: PC1. test the models to ensure that they meet the design specifications and production requirements and function as required PC2. work out any problems with the models that emerge during production or construction in collaboration with peers and under supervision of the art director and character designers PC3. review models with relevant people PC4. respond positively to feedback about the models created, making refinements as needed PC5. remain constantly flexible and adaptable to new directions, creative requirements and developments in model making |
Knowledge and Understanding (K) | |
C. Organizational Context (Knowledge of the company / organization and its processes) | The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand: KA1. the creative vision and elements of production relevant to his/her job role KA2. the pipeline/schedule and timelines relevant to their work KA3. the intended purpose/ end-use of the models that need to be created |
B. Technical Knowledge | The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand: KB1. principles of 3d modeling and animation including concepts like polygons, nurbs, and sub surface modeling etc. KB2. human anatomy, skeleton structure, joints, facial muscles etc. KB3. human mannerisms, emotions, behavior, facial expressions etc. KB4. basics of rigging to help build models with the minimum necessary spline, nurbs and polygons KB5. techniques and workflow of uv mapping KB6. principles of engineering KB7. physics of motion, resistance and volume KB8. form, scale and proportion of various models KB9. the techniques of sculpting (added advantage) KB10. drawing and illustration techniques KB11. how to create various types of models (organic, non-organic, simple, complex) KB12. how to use modelling software and tools such as Maya, 3D Studio Max, Blender, Mud-Box, Zbrush, Mari etc. KB13. how to design and develop models consistent with the creative look of the production and in accordance to the script and design brief |
KB14. how to build models with the necessary detailing and as per the camera distance KB15. the sources for research and reference material KB16. how to design models to suit the final use. e.g. a model created for feature films is different from model created for television series and it is further different from model created for a game or e-learning module KB17. how to test models (through the basic phonemes test, basic expression test, simulation tests, grayscale turnarounds) to ensure that they meet the design specification and production requirements KB18. how to test characters, props and environments to ensure they appear correctly from all required camera positions and angles KB19. how to optimise mesh as per production requirements KB20. applicable copyright norms and intellectual property rights KB21. applicable health and safety guidelines | |
Skills (S) (Optional) | |
E. Core Skills/ Generic Skills | Writing Skills |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA1. document notes /draw illustrations to assist during the modelling process | |
Reading Skills | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA2. read and understand the design brief and character pack SA3. research links, videos, artwork etc. that can be used as references during the modelling process | |
Oral Communication (Listening and Speaking skills) | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA4. understand the design brief and requirements from the art director and character designers SA5. present the final character models to the Art Director and solicit feedback | |
F. Professional Skills | Plan and Organize |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB1. breakup the tasks required and estimate the time required for each task, so as to manage own work in assigned time schedule | |
Problem Solving | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB2. identify any creative problems that may arise during the production and work back with the art director and character designers to find suitable solutions to address them SB3. handle technical issues such as pipeline concerns, optimizing efficiency of assets and asset integration in collaboration with peers and under supervision of the art director | |
Decision making | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB4. manage creative decisions as per the client inputs while testing models for texturing/rigging/facial expressions/animation | |
Customer Centricity | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: |
SB5. prioritize work according to the requirements of texturing/rigging/facial /animation departemnts | |
Analytical Thinking | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB6. have a keen eye for detail and maintain an aesthetic sense towards Shapes and software capabilities of the final output | |
Critical Thinking | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB7. improve work-products and performance based on feedback received and through self-appraisal |
Modeler Course free of cost 6 month
NOS Version Control
NOS Code | MES/N2503 | ||
Credits(NSQF) | TBD | Version number | 01 |
Sector | Media and Entertainment | Drafted on | 16/07/2018 |
Sub-sector | Animation, Gaming | Last reviewed on | 20/03/2019 |
Occupation | Asset Creation | Next review date | 22/06/2021 |
This unit is about contributing towards maintaining a healthy, safe and secure working environment
Unit Code | MES/N0104 |
Unit Title (Task) | Maintain workplace health and safety |
Description | This OS unit is about contributing towards maintaining a healthy, safe and secure working environment |
Scope | This unit/task covers the following: Understanding the health, safety and security risks prevalent in the workplaceKnowing the people responsible for health and safety and the resources availableIdentifying and reporting risksComplying with procedures in the event of an emergency |
Performance Criteria (PC) w.r.t. the Scope | |
Element | Performance Criteria |
Understanding the risks prevalent in the workplace | To be competent, the user/individual on the job must be able to: PC1. understand and comply with the organisation’s current health, safety and security policies and procedures PC2. understand the safe working practices pertaining to own occupation PC3. understand the government norms and policies relating to health and safety including emergency procedures for illness, accidents, fires or others which may involve evacuation of the premises PC4. participate in organization health and safety knowledge sessions and drills |
Knowing the people | PC5. identify the people responsible for health and safety in the workplace, including those to contact in case of an emergency PC6. identify security signals e.g. fire alarms and places such as staircases, fire warden stations, first aid and medical rooms |
responsible for health | |
and safety and the | |
resources available | |
Identifying and reporting risks | PC7. identify aspects of your workplace that could cause potential risk to own and others health and safety PC8. ensure own personal health and safety, and that of others in the workplace though precautionary measures PC9. identify and recommend opportunities for improving health, safety, and security to the designated person PC10. report any hazards outside the individual’s authority to the relevant person in line with organisational procedures and warn other people who may be affected |
Complying with | PC11. follow organisation’s emergency procedures for accidents, fires or any other natural calamity in case of a hazard PC12. identify and correct risks like illness, accidents, fires or any other natural calamity safely and within the limits of individual’s authority |
procedures in the | |
event of an | |
emergency | |
Knowledge and Understanding (K) | |
A. Organizational Context | The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand: KA1. organisation’s norms and policies relating to health and safety KA2. government norms and policies regarding health and safety and related emergency procedures KA3. limits of authority while dealing with risks/ hazards KA4. the importance of maintaining high standards of health and safety at a workplace |
(Knowledge of the | |
company / | |
organization and | |
its processes) |
B. Technical Knowledge | The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand: KB1. the different types of health and safety hazards in a workplace KB2. safe working practices for own job role KB3. evacuation procedures and other arrangements for handling risks KB4. names and contact numbers of people responsible for health and safety in a workplace KB5. how to summon medical assistance and the emergency services, where necessary KB6. vendors’ or manufacturers’ instructions for maintaining health and safety while using equipments, systems and/or machines |
Skills (S) (Optional) | |
A. Core Skills/ Generic Skills | Writing Skills |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA1. how to write and provide feedback regarding health and safety to the concerned people SA2. how to write and highlight potential risks or report a hazard to the concerned people | |
Reading Skills | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA3. read instructions, policies, procedures and norms relating to health and safety | |
Oral Communication (Listening and Speaking skills) | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SA4. highlight potential risks and report hazards to the designated people SA5. listen and communicate information with all anyone concerned or affected | |
B. Professional Skills | Decision making |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB1. make decisions on a suitable course of action or plan | |
Plan and Organize | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB2. plan and organize people and resources to deal with risks/ hazards that lie within the scope of one’s individual authority | |
Problem Solving | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB3. apply problem solving approaches in different situations | |
Critical Thinking | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB4. understand hazards that fall within the scope of individual authority and report all hazards that may supersede one’s authority SB5. apply balanced judgements in different situations | |
Customer Centricity | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB6. build and maintain positive and effective relationships with colleges and customers | |
Analytical Thinking | |
The user/individual on the job needs to know and understand how to: SB7. analyze data and activites |
NOS Version Control
NOS Code | MES/N0104 | ||
Credits(NSQF) | TBD | Version number | 1.0 |
Sector | Media and Entertainment | Drafted on | 16/07/2018 |
Sub-sector | Animation, Gaming | Last reviewed on | 20/03/2019 |
Occupation | Asset Creation | Next review date | 22/06/2021 |
Annexure
Nomenclature for QP and NOS
Sub-sector | Range of Occupation numbers |
Film | 01-30 |
Television | 31-40 |
41-45 | |
Animation | 46-55 |
Gaming | 56-65 |
Radio | 66-70 |
Digital | 71-80 |
OOH | 81-90 |
Advertising | 91-99 |
Sequence | Description | Example |
Three letters | Media and Entertainment | MES |
Slash | / | / |
Next letter | Whether QP or NOS | Q |
Next two numbers | Asset Creation | 25 |
Next two numbers | QP number | 01 |
Assessment Criteria for Modeller | |
Job Role | Modeller |
Qualification Pack | MES/Q2501, version 1.0 |
Sector Skill Council | Media and Entertainment Skills Council |
Assessment outcomes | Assessment criteria for outcomes | Total marks | Marks Allocation | |||
Out of | Theory | Skills Practical | ||||
MES/N2501 | PC1. Understand the script, brief, storyboard from | 20 | 10 | |||
(Interpret the | the Art Director and character designers | |||||
script/ | PC2.Understand the design brief (Appearance, | 20 | 10 | |||
brief/ | complexion, dressing, moods, personalities, | |||||
storyboard) | expressions etc.) | |||||
PC3.Understand the requirements (number, types, | 20 | 5 | ||||
duplicates etc.) | ||||||
PC4.Understand the specifications (dimensions, | 100 | 20 | 5 | 60 | ||
operating parameters etc. | ||||||
PC5.Understand the technical needs of the project | 10 | 5 | ||||
(Television, Film, Gaming, Internet, DVD etc.) | ||||||
PC6.Be aware and responsible of his/her role in the | 10 | 5 | ||||
pre-production, production and post-production | ||||||
process | ||||||
Total | 100 | 40 | 60 | |||
PC1. Prepare digital models according to the design | 25 | 10 | ||||
brief (appearance, complexion, dressing, moods, | ||||||
MES/N2502 | personalities, expressions etc.), requirements | |||||
(Prepare | (number, types, duplicates etc.) and specifications | |||||
computer | (dimensions, operating parameters etc.) | 100 | 60 | |||
generated | PC2. Create prototypes/pilots for testing | 25 | 10 | |||
models) | ||||||
PC3.Understand the final display medium and adapt | 25 | 10 | ||||
/ suggest the model for its polycounts, mesh |
Assessment outcomes | Assessment criteria for outcomes | Total marks | Marks Allocation | ||
Out of | Theory | Skills Practical | |||
complexity, movement capability etc. | |||||
PC4. Ensure that the models will be able to perform properly once animated, are uniform and consistent and are delivered in appropriate formats that can be used by others | 25 | 10 | |||
Total | 100 | 40 | 60 | ||
MES/N2503 (Test computer generated models) | PC1.Test the models to ensure that they meet the design specifications and production requirements and function as required | 100 | 25 | 10 | 60 |
PC2.Work out any problems with the models that emerge during production or construction in collaboration with peers and under supervision of the art director and character designers | 25 | 10 | |||
PC3.Review models with relevant people | 15 | 10 | |||
PC4.Respond positively to feedback about the models created, making refinements as needed | 25 | 5 | |||
PC5. Remain constantly flexible and adaptable to new directions, creative requirements and developments in model making | 10 | 5 | |||
Total | 100 | 40 | 60 | ||
MES/N0104 (Maintain workplace health and safety) | PC1. Understand and comply with the organisation’s current health, safety and security policies and procedures. | 100 | 10 | 5 | 50 |
PC2. Understand the safe working practices pertaining to own occupation. | 10 | 5 | |||
PC3. Understand the government norms and policies relating to health and safety including emergency procedures for illness, accidents, fires or others which may involve evacuation of the premises. | 5 | 3 | |||
PC4. Participate in organization health and safety knowledge sessions and drills. | 5 | 2 | |||
PC5. Identify the people responsible for health and safety in the workplace, including those to contact in case of an emergency. | 10 | 5 | |||
PC6. Identify security signals e.g. fire alarms and places such as staircases, fire warden stations, first aid and medical rooms. | 10 | 5 | |||
PC7. Identify aspects of your workplace that could cause potential risk to own and others health and safety. | 10 | 5 | |||
PC8. Ensure own personal health and safety, and that of others in the workplace though precautionary measures. | 10 | 5 | |||
PC9. Identify and recommend opportunities for improving health, safety, and security to the designated person. | 5 | 3 |
Assessment outcomes | Assessment criteria for outcomes | Total marks | Marks Allocation | ||
Out of | Theory | Skills Practical | |||
PC10. Report any hazards outside the individual’s authority to the relevant person in line with organisational procedures and warn other people who may be affected. | 10 | 5 | |||
PC11. Follow organisation’s emergency procedures for accidents, fires or any other natural calamity in case of a hazard. | 10 | 5 | |||
PC12. Identify and correct risks like illness, accidents, fires or any other natural calamity safely and within the limits of individual’s authority. | 5 | 2 | |||
Total | 100 | 50 | 50 |